Religious Authority

Allam, 55, was born in the Nile Delta governorate of Beheira. He received his PhD in 1996 from the Al-Azhar University Faculty of Sharia and Law. His most famous book concerns the predetermination of the sex of a fetus and its legality and legitimacy according to Islamic law.

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Sheikh Muhammad Abu Al-Isaad Al-Alam was a religious jurist from a prominent family. Italians appointed him as the Mufti of Tripolitania (year not found). Later, He was also appointed chairman of the preparatory committee of 21 to set the agenda for the national constitutional convention to implement the national assembly in 1950.

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Houcine Laabidi is the current imam of the Zeitunah Mosque in Tunis, Tunisia. He is known for his radical views on Islam and is a strong advocate of Islamic education in Tunisia.

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Tahir Mehmood Ashrafi is the chairman of the Pakistan Ulema Council. He is also a member of the Difa-i-Pakistan Council (DPC), a coalition of more than 40 religious parties and groups. Additiuonally, he is an Associate Professor of Shariah and Law at the International Islamic University, Islamabad.

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Sheikh Saleh al-Luhaidan (b. 1931 in Qassim in Saudi Arabia) is a Saudi religious scholar. He served until 2009 as the head of the Supreme Judicial Council, the most prominent and highest judicial body in Saudi Arabia.  He has been a member of the Saudi Council of Senior Scholars since its establishment in 1971.

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Sheikh Muhammad Ali al-Jawzo is the mufti of Mont Lebanon.

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Sheikh Hafiz Salama (b. December 6, 1925 in Suez) is a Salafi figure in Suez city in Egypt. He is known as the leader of the popular resistance in Suez and played an important role in the Suez governorate during the Egyptian revolution against the former Mubarak regime. Salama also participated in the resistance movement during the Suez war in 1973.

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Dr. Abd al-Rahmaan al-Birr (b. 1963 in Egypt) is a professor of Hadith (sayings of the Prophet Muhammad) at al-Azahar University and a member of the guidance office of the Muslim Brotherhood. He completed a Bachelor's Degree in theology in 1984 at the school of theology and advocacy in Egypt. He earned his MA in Hadith at the school of theology in Cairo.

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Mustafa al-‘Adawi (b. 1945, in Egypt) is an Egyptian Salafi preacher. He studied engineering in 1977, and then moved to Yemen to study the Qur’an. After that, ‘Adawi returned to Egypt where he established a small mosque and began teaching Saheeh al-Bukhari and Muslim. He published several books in the Fiqh and Hadith.

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Sheikh Mahmoud Amer (b. February 4, 1957, Egypt) is an Egyptian Salafi preacher. Amer earned a Bachelor's degree in Shari’a at the Islamic University in Medina, Saudi Arabia and a Bachelor's in Advocacy (Da’wa) from the Advocates Institute for collage students at Muslim World League in Mecca.

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